Dns stuff org

Author: c | 2025-04-23

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A DNS domain named relative to another DNS domain is another example of a subcontext. In the DNS domain jboss.org, the DNS domain jboss is a subcontext of org because DNS names are parsed right to left. whether it is executing

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DNS Stuff - datatracker.ietf.org

Glue record lookups. Don't trust whois. Two different systems operating at different layers, though. I WHOIS the domain when I want to know which nameservers the registry thinks the domain should have. You can then dig in DNS to see what those nameservers are responding, but that's a separate level.(Note: I work in this field.) It's unclear if you get what I mean, because you can never use whois, to determine what a glue record is, though. Whois is not updated reliably these days.For example, you cannot 'whois example.org', see DNS servers listed, and think "OK, those are the glue servers!". Nope. You need to dig at the root .org DNS servers, and find out what they have configured as glue records, and then query that. $ dig +short org. NS c0.org.afilias-nst.info. d0.org.afilias-nst.org. b0.org.afilias-nst.org. a0.org.afilias-nst.info. b2.org.afilias-nst.org. a2.org.afilias-nst.info. $ dig +norec @a0.org.afilias-nst.info. example.org. NS ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: example.org. 3600 IN NS a.iana- servers.net. example.org. 3600 IN NS b.iana-servers.net.Now you know what the glue records are for a domain.Trusting whois, which is sporadically updated these days, and often inaccurate, won't necessarily help anything.I get why you do trust it, it used to be reliable, it used to be accurate, it just isn't in many cases any more.As for what the registrar thinks, I wouldn't trust whois for that, either. Not these days. I'd want to query the registrar directly, to find out.(Maybe you meant all of this, but at least it's clear for others now, either way) You're only talking about DNS. I'm talking about the layer above that, at the domain name registry, which is the authoritative source that feeds into DNS. The domain registry is typically implemented as a separate database distinct from DNS. The nameservers at the registry level are updated by registrars through a protocol called EPP (see RFCs 5730-5734). This is what then feeds into DNS. When you're debugging registry-level issues, e.g. maybe the registry isn't syncing to its DNS system correctly, you need to figure out what the registry thinks the name servers for a domain should be, and you do that through WHOIS (or soon, RDAP). Unlike DNS, these systems talk directly to the registry and let you know what the registry's view of the world is.A domain that doesn't have any name servers configured on it cannot serve any content, and you can spin your wheels for a very long time if you're only playing around in DNS land. You'll see that there are no DNS entries being served up for the domain name at all but you won't know why, or how to actually fix it. You need to query the registry to find the root of the problem and realize that you A DNS domain named relative to another DNS domain is another example of a subcontext. In the DNS domain jboss.org, the DNS domain jboss is a subcontext of org because DNS names are parsed right to left. whether it is executing Etc23. Display selected fields with values of connectionYou can list all the configured values of a connection using "nmcli con show " but that gives you a long list of details, you can actually also get selected value of the provided directive of an individual connectionTo get the IPv4 Address of eth1# nmcli -g ip4.address connection show eth110.10.10.4/24You can use -g to print values from specific fields using nmcli# nmcli -g ip4.address,ipv4.dns connection show eth18.8.8.8,8.2.2.210.10.10.4/24But here as you see we do not get a field to value mapping. You can use -f to specify what fields (column names) should be printed using nmcli. Valid field names differ for specific commands. List available fields by providing an invalid value to the --fields option.# nmcli -f ipv4.dns,ipv4.addresses,ipv4.gateway con show eth1ipv4.dns: 8.8.8.8,8.2.2.2ipv4.addresses: 10.10.10.4/24ipv4.gateway: 10.10.10.1HINT:You can choose these fields: ipv4.method,ipv4.dns,ipv4.dns-search,ipv4.dns-options,ipv4.dns-priority,ipv4.addresses,ipv4.gateway,ipv4.routes,ipv4.route-metric,ipv4.route-table,ipv4.ignore-auto-routes,ipv4.ignore-auto-dns,ipv4.dhcp-client-id,ipv4.dhcp-timeout,ipv4.dhcp-send-hostname,ipv4.dhcp-hostname,ipv4.dhcp-fqdn,ipv4.never-default,ipv4.may-fail,ipv4.dad-timeout24. Monitor connection and device activityUsing nmcli monitor you can observe NetworkManager activity. Watches for changes in connectivity state, devices or connection profiles. Here in this example we will execute nmcli monitor for eth1 in one terminal, and on the other terminal we will make some modification to eth1 connection# nmcli con mod eth1 ipv4.method manual ipv4.address 10.10.10.4/24As you see, after the modification, the monitor command gives below output# nmcli con monitor eth1eth1: connection profile changed25. Activate a connectionJust opposite to what we used above, we will use nmcli con up# nmcli con up eth2Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/23)Verify the list of available connection# nmcli con show --activeNAME UUID TYPE DEVICEeth1 01fa0bf4-b6bd-484f-a9a3-2b10ff701dcd ethernet eth1eth0 2e9f0cdd-ea2f-4b63-b146-3b9a897c9e45 ethernet eth0eth2 186053d4-9369-4a4e-87b8-d1f9a419f985 ethernet eth226. De-activate a connectionDeactivate a connection from a device without preventing the device from further auto-activation using nmcli con down . Multiple connections can be passed to the command.# nmcli con down eth1Connection 'eth1' successfully deactivated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/32)Verify the list of active connections# nmcli con show --activeNAME UUID TYPE DEVICEeth0 d05aee6a-a069-4e55-9fe4-771ca3336db6 ethernet eth0NOTE:If you are connected to your server using this interface then your connection would close once the connection is de-activated27. Delete connectionLastly in nmcli command examples, you can delete all type of available connection using "nmcli con del "# nmcli con del bond-mybond0 bond-slave-eth1 bond-slave-eth2Connection 'bond-mybond0' (25ce17b2-fffb-4bf1-a5a3-e7593299f303) successfully deleted.Connection 'bond-slave-eth1' (54dc4282-b90b-4469-9cbf-82bce042de85) successfully deleted.Connection 'bond-slave-eth2' (41a5b4a6-8e6b-4df9-bff2-b67c5328311a) successfully deleted.Lastly I hope the steps from the article with nmcli command examples (cheatsheet) on Linux was helpful. So, let me know your suggestions and feedback using the comment section.References:man page nmcliman page nmcli-examples

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User8509

Glue record lookups. Don't trust whois. Two different systems operating at different layers, though. I WHOIS the domain when I want to know which nameservers the registry thinks the domain should have. You can then dig in DNS to see what those nameservers are responding, but that's a separate level.(Note: I work in this field.) It's unclear if you get what I mean, because you can never use whois, to determine what a glue record is, though. Whois is not updated reliably these days.For example, you cannot 'whois example.org', see DNS servers listed, and think "OK, those are the glue servers!". Nope. You need to dig at the root .org DNS servers, and find out what they have configured as glue records, and then query that. $ dig +short org. NS c0.org.afilias-nst.info. d0.org.afilias-nst.org. b0.org.afilias-nst.org. a0.org.afilias-nst.info. b2.org.afilias-nst.org. a2.org.afilias-nst.info. $ dig +norec @a0.org.afilias-nst.info. example.org. NS ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: example.org. 3600 IN NS a.iana- servers.net. example.org. 3600 IN NS b.iana-servers.net.Now you know what the glue records are for a domain.Trusting whois, which is sporadically updated these days, and often inaccurate, won't necessarily help anything.I get why you do trust it, it used to be reliable, it used to be accurate, it just isn't in many cases any more.As for what the registrar thinks, I wouldn't trust whois for that, either. Not these days. I'd want to query the registrar directly, to find out.(Maybe you meant all of this, but at least it's clear for others now, either way) You're only talking about DNS. I'm talking about the layer above that, at the domain name registry, which is the authoritative source that feeds into DNS. The domain registry is typically implemented as a separate database distinct from DNS. The nameservers at the registry level are updated by registrars through a protocol called EPP (see RFCs 5730-5734). This is what then feeds into DNS. When you're debugging registry-level issues, e.g. maybe the registry isn't syncing to its DNS system correctly, you need to figure out what the registry thinks the name servers for a domain should be, and you do that through WHOIS (or soon, RDAP). Unlike DNS, these systems talk directly to the registry and let you know what the registry's view of the world is.A domain that doesn't have any name servers configured on it cannot serve any content, and you can spin your wheels for a very long time if you're only playing around in DNS land. You'll see that there are no DNS entries being served up for the domain name at all but you won't know why, or how to actually fix it. You need to query the registry to find the root of the problem and realize that you

2025-04-23
User8151

Etc23. Display selected fields with values of connectionYou can list all the configured values of a connection using "nmcli con show " but that gives you a long list of details, you can actually also get selected value of the provided directive of an individual connectionTo get the IPv4 Address of eth1# nmcli -g ip4.address connection show eth110.10.10.4/24You can use -g to print values from specific fields using nmcli# nmcli -g ip4.address,ipv4.dns connection show eth18.8.8.8,8.2.2.210.10.10.4/24But here as you see we do not get a field to value mapping. You can use -f to specify what fields (column names) should be printed using nmcli. Valid field names differ for specific commands. List available fields by providing an invalid value to the --fields option.# nmcli -f ipv4.dns,ipv4.addresses,ipv4.gateway con show eth1ipv4.dns: 8.8.8.8,8.2.2.2ipv4.addresses: 10.10.10.4/24ipv4.gateway: 10.10.10.1HINT:You can choose these fields: ipv4.method,ipv4.dns,ipv4.dns-search,ipv4.dns-options,ipv4.dns-priority,ipv4.addresses,ipv4.gateway,ipv4.routes,ipv4.route-metric,ipv4.route-table,ipv4.ignore-auto-routes,ipv4.ignore-auto-dns,ipv4.dhcp-client-id,ipv4.dhcp-timeout,ipv4.dhcp-send-hostname,ipv4.dhcp-hostname,ipv4.dhcp-fqdn,ipv4.never-default,ipv4.may-fail,ipv4.dad-timeout24. Monitor connection and device activityUsing nmcli monitor you can observe NetworkManager activity. Watches for changes in connectivity state, devices or connection profiles. Here in this example we will execute nmcli monitor for eth1 in one terminal, and on the other terminal we will make some modification to eth1 connection# nmcli con mod eth1 ipv4.method manual ipv4.address 10.10.10.4/24As you see, after the modification, the monitor command gives below output# nmcli con monitor eth1eth1: connection profile changed25. Activate a connectionJust opposite to what we used above, we will use nmcli con up# nmcli con up eth2Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/23)Verify the list of available connection# nmcli con show --activeNAME UUID TYPE DEVICEeth1 01fa0bf4-b6bd-484f-a9a3-2b10ff701dcd ethernet eth1eth0 2e9f0cdd-ea2f-4b63-b146-3b9a897c9e45 ethernet eth0eth2 186053d4-9369-4a4e-87b8-d1f9a419f985 ethernet eth226. De-activate a connectionDeactivate a connection from a device without preventing the device from further auto-activation using nmcli con down . Multiple connections can be passed to the command.# nmcli con down eth1Connection 'eth1' successfully deactivated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/32)Verify the list of active connections# nmcli con show --activeNAME UUID TYPE DEVICEeth0 d05aee6a-a069-4e55-9fe4-771ca3336db6 ethernet eth0NOTE:If you are connected to your server using this interface then your connection would close once the connection is de-activated27. Delete connectionLastly in nmcli command examples, you can delete all type of available connection using "nmcli con del "# nmcli con del bond-mybond0 bond-slave-eth1 bond-slave-eth2Connection 'bond-mybond0' (25ce17b2-fffb-4bf1-a5a3-e7593299f303) successfully deleted.Connection 'bond-slave-eth1' (54dc4282-b90b-4469-9cbf-82bce042de85) successfully deleted.Connection 'bond-slave-eth2' (41a5b4a6-8e6b-4df9-bff2-b67c5328311a) successfully deleted.Lastly I hope the steps from the article with nmcli command examples (cheatsheet) on Linux was helpful. So, let me know your suggestions and feedback using the comment section.References:man page nmcliman page nmcli-examples

2025-04-05
User2825

Has all your common rules. Then your device specific profiles can have only the rules you need on those specific devices. So you can have something like this:Device A: Everyone Profile → Work ProfileDevice B: Everyone Profile → Home ProfileDevice C: Everyone Profile → Employee Profile“Everyone Profile” contains things you probably want on all devices (block Malware, Ads, Phishing), while device/use-case specific profiles can only contain rules for things you only need on those specific devices. This eliminates the need to duplicate or sync rules. If you have a Organization account, and leverage sub-organizations you can make this 3 tiered:Device A: Global Profile For Entire Org → Support Department Profile → User Specific Profile Device B: Global Profile For Entire Org → Marketing Department Profile → User Specific ProfileDevice C: Global Profile For Entire Org → User Specific ProfileThe rule engine works as follows:Custom rules take precedence over everythingService rules are second in line, and are checked if there are no custom rules that match the DNS queryFilters (which block things) are 3rd in-line and will match a domain if there is no overriding custom rule or Service ruleLast in line is the Default Rule, which will, like the name suggests, match queries that aren't affected by any of the aboveUpdated 3 months ago Table of ContentsHow it worksOrganization AccountsLimitationsUse CasesCommon RulesRule Priorities

2025-04-12
User3266

Dreamscene.org - Home - free dreamscenes, windows 7 themes and desktop toolsDescription: dreamscene.org delivers free dreamscene video loops for Windows DreamScene and themes for Windows 7. The loops can also be used for presentations or video footage.Keywords: free, dreamscene, video, loops, HD, download, wallpaper, tools, windows, themesTags:dreamscene, bookmark, free, themes, windows, tools, org, home, dreamscenes, desktop, gallery, loops, video, contact, icio, read, downloads, guestbook, wallpaper, download, new, dreamsound, ringtones, dreams, win, videos, wallpapers, del, technorati, blinkbits, blinklist, facebook, slashdot, furl, reddit, stumbleupon, wong, oneview, digg, linkarena, DREAMSCENE.ORG - Site LocationCountry/Flag GermanyCity/Region/Zip Code, , Organization1&1 Internet AGInternet Service Provider1&1 Internet AGDREAMSCENE.ORG - Domain InformationDomainDREAMSCENE.ORG [ Traceroute RBL/DNSBL lookup ]Registrar1 & 1 Internet AG (R73-LROR) Whois serverwhois.pir.orgCreated--Updated--Expires--Time Left0 days 0 hours 0 minutesStatusok -- DNS serversNS65.1UND1.DE 195.20.224.210NS66.1UND1.DE 212.227.123.58DREAMSCENE.ORG - DNS InformationIP Address87.106.191.61 ~ Whois - Trace Route - RBL CheckDomain Name Serversns55.1und1.de 217.160.82.165ns56.1und1.de 217.160.83.165Mail Exchangemx00.kundenserver.de 212.227.15.41mx01.kundenserver.de 217.72.192.67 Site Response HeaderResponseHTTP/1.1 200 OKServerMicrosoft-IIS/6.0DateMon, 11 Apr 2011 01:46:05 GMT

2025-03-26
User7907

No need to worry about copying the contents of orgConfig from SWGConfig.json and modifying its contents, making this less error prone. The contents of this file won’t change org to org as well. 3. No need to rely on the DNS module to perform config sync and read from the flag file to update the contents of SWGConfig.json. With this new process, SWGConfig.json remains untouched and dependency on DNS module is removed.How to enable SWG Debug logging starting from AC 4.10 MR8 and CSC 5.0 MR3Starting from Anyconect 4.10. MR8 (yet to be released) and CSC 5.0 MR3 onwards, you no longer need to follow the process mentioned earlier to enable debug logging. You can now enable debug logging by copying a SWGConfigOverride.json file in the SWG folder.Location of SWG folder:Windows(AnyConnect): C:\ProgramData\Cisco\Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client\Umbrella\SWG\Windows(Secure Client): C:\ProgramData\Cisco\Cisco Secure Client\Umbrella\SWG\MacOS(AnyConnect): /opt/cisco/anyconnect/umbrella/swg/MacOS(Secure Client): /opt/cisco/secureclient/umbrella/swgThe contents of SWGConfigOverride.json needs to be{"logLevel": "1"}in order to enable debug logging.The config value in SWGConfigOverride.json will take precedence over the value (if present) in SWGConfig.json.SWGConfigOverride.json can contain and override only two configs – logLevel (to enable/disable debug logging) and autotuning ( to enable/disable send buffer autotuning).If both need to be enabled the content of SWGConfigOverride.json will be{"logLevel": "1", "autotuning:"1"}After the override file is copied, you need to restart SWG service (or Umbrella service) or choose to restart the system itself.Method to enable debug logging on macOS:Copy SWGConfigOverride.json to SWG folder.Stop and start AnyConnect/Cisco Secure Client agent using the steps mentioned hereMethod to enable debug logging on Windows:Copy SWGConfigOverride.json to SWG folder.Restart or Stop and Start the Secure Web Gateway (acswgagent in 4.10.x builds /csc_swgagent in 5.x builds) service via the Services MMC snap-in (Start > Run > Services.msc).NOTE: The older method of enabling debug logging is still supported and can still be followed, and is the

2025-03-28
User7587

Table of ContentsVirtual Appliance RequirementsNetworking RequirementsDNSCryptVirtual Appliance RequirementsTwo virtual appliances (VAs) per Umbrella site—VAs must be deployed in pairs to ensure redundancy at the DNS level and to allow for updates without downtime.VA Specifications—At a minimum, each VA requires the following allocated resources:One virtual CPUMinimum 512MB of RAM (1GB RAM recommended)7GB of disk space.Each VA is able to process millions of DNS requests per day using these specifications. If you believe your network will exceed this number, see Sizing Guide.🚧ImportantHigh-traffic site VAs should use two virtual CPUs and 2048MB of RAM per VA.A high-traffic site is one that has more than 500 DNS queries per second coming from the overall network.Download a fresh image for each deployment—You need to download a fresh image from Umbrella for each deployment, and when there is a new version. For security reasons, Umbrella periodically changes the Org Token Secret, requiring you to use an image less than 24 hours old. Also, the Virtual Appliance may not register correctly with the Umbrella dashboard if you are using an older version. See, Umbrella Virtual Appliance and Active Directory Connector: Download and deploy.Correct Date/Time—Ensure your hypervisor host has the correct date and time. The incorrect date or time can cause update or sync issues with the VAs. The VA syncs time independently and is always set to UTC by default.VMware RequirementsVMware ESXi (supported versions as per VMware)For more information, see VWware documentation.VMware Cloud on AWSMicrosoft Hyper-V RequirementsOne of the following Windows Server operating systems:Windows Server 2012, SP1, or R2 (Standard or Data center), 2016 or 2019 with Hyper-V roleHyper-V Server 2012, 2012 R2, 2016 or 2019Note: Deploying the virtual appliance through System Center Virtual Machine Manager (SCVMM) has not been qualified and is not officially supported.Cloud Platform RequirementsMicrosoft AzureAmazon Web ServicesGoogle Cloud PlatformKVM RequirementsKVM on Ubuntu Linux (supported LTS versions)KVM on Red Hat Linux (supported versions)Nutanix RequirementsSupported version of Nutanix AHVNetworking RequirementsOnce VAs are deployed and ready to be utilized, endpoint clients must exclusively resolve DNS through the VAs and not your local DNS forwarders. This is usually accomplished through the network's DHCP configuration. For more information, see Local DNS Forwarding.The following firewall/ACL requirements ensure VAs can communicate with the Umbrella cloud services and local DNS forwarders/servers. These requirements apply to each platform to which the VA is deployed.Port and ProtocolSourceDestinationNote53 TCP + UDPVirtual ApplianceLocal DNS serversStandard DNS traffic for internal domains.53 TCP + UDP443 TCP +

2025-04-10

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